What is MOTS-c?
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a 16-amino acid peptide that was described in 2015 by the research group of Lee and colleagues in Cell Metabolism. It differs from most research peptides in that it is not encoded in nuclear DNA, but in the mitochondrial genome—specifically in the 12S rRNA region. MOTS-c thus belongs to the mitochondrially derived peptides (MDPs), a class of signaling molecules that mediate communication between the mitochondrion and the rest of the cell. The amino acid sequence is Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg (MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR).
Mechanism of Action
MOTS-c acts on the folate-methionine cycle. Inhibition of this pathway leads to the accumulation of AICAR, an endogenous activator of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)—the cell's central energy sensor. Activation of AMPK shifts cellular metabolism towards catabolic processes: increased glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation, reduced fat storage. Under metabolic stress, MOTS-c also translocates to the cell nucleus, where it influences the expression of stress-responsive genes. This makes the peptide one of the few known examples of direct retrograde signaling from mitochondrion to nucleus.
Research Results
In preclinical studies in mice, MOTS-c administration was associated with protection against diet-induced obesity and improved insulin sensitivity, without changes in food intake. Due to its overlap with exercise-induced AMPK activation, the peptide is often referred to as an exercise mimetic in the literature. Observational research has also linked circulating MOTS-c levels to age, which has led to research interest in the field of mitochondrial aging. These findings come almost exclusively from animal and cell models; clinical evidence in humans is limited.
Available variants and purity
Refer to the corresponding certificate of analysis (COA) for the measured purity of the specific batch.
Storage and handling
Store at -20 °C, dry and dark. After reconstitution, store at 2–8 °C and use within 2–4 weeks.
Research Disclaimer
This product is intended for scientific research and laboratory use by qualified professionals only. MOTS-c from Dutch Peptide Labs is not approved for human consumption, medical treatment, or veterinary use. All research activities must be carried out in accordance with relevant safety protocols and institutional guidelines. Users are responsible for complying with local laws and regulations regarding the use of research materials. This product has not been evaluated by drug authorities and should not be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
